[Phase â ¡ clinical trial of PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma].

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of programmed death 1(PD-1) inhibitory combined with chemotherapy as a neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced resectable oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled phase Ⅱ trial. Patients recruited from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from July 2021 to February 2023 were randomly divided into two groups in a 1∶1 ratio: the experimental group (Toripalimab combined with albumin paclitaxel and cisplatin) and the control group (albumin paclitaxel and cisplatin); patients in both groups underwent three cycles of neoadjuvant therapy. After completion of neoadjuvant therapy, patients were evaluated and subsequent surgical treatment was performed. According to the completion of treatment, the analysis was conducted on both the full analysis set and the protocol set. The effectiveness and safety of treatments were evaluated. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 41 cases with oral cancer were enrolled, including 26 males and 15 females, aged between 34 and 74 years old. There were 23 cases in the experimental group and 18 cases in the control group. A total of 23 cases completed neoadjuvant therapy and surgery according to the protocol. Experimental group and control group showed respectively the complete response rates of 1/19 and 0/17, the partial response rates of 13/19 and 8/17, the stage-down rates of 4/19 and 3/17, the pathologic complete response rate of 8/14 and 2/9, with no statistically significant differences in individual rates between two groups (P>0.05). The major pathological response rate of 13/14 in experimental group was higher than that of 2/9 in control group (P<0.05). The incidence of grade 3-4 adverse reactions related to treatment was low in both groups (4/23 vs. 3/18, χ2=0.13, P=0.72), and the most common serious adverse reactions in the experimental group were granulocyte deficiency and electrolyte disorder. There were no adverse reactions that affected subsequent surgical treatment or caused death, and the safety and tolerability were good. The median follow-up time was 15 months, and the one-year disease-free survival rate of the experimental group was higher than that of control group (92.86% vs. 77.78%, χ2=0.62, P=0.42), with a relative decrease of 87% in the risk of disease progression or death (P=0.029). For patients with programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) protein expression combined positive score≥20, the experimental group showed higher major pathological response rate than control group (5/5 vs. 0/4, P=0.03). Conclusion: The neoadjuvant therapy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can improve the pathological remission of oral squamous cell carcinoma and the long-term survival benefits and the prognosis of patients.

[News report of People's Daily (1949-1979) for TCM practitioners:Changes in the status of TCM groups].

The construction and analysis of the topic of traditional Chinese medicine is an important social and cultural landscape since the founding of New China, and media for party afairs is an important field for this process. Authoritative media such as People's Daily expressed respect to TCM practitioners, reflected the national system, urban-rural relations, cultural concepts, etc. behind the development of TCM, and clarified the determination and confidence of the Party and the country to adhere to the development of TCM through its content,specific situations and line of reasoning logic.

[The "jivaniya class of herbs" (Shi Tian Yao) in the Bower Manuscript (Bao Wei Er Xie Ben)].

The Bower Manuscript (Bao Wei Er Xie Ben) is a Sanskrit document unearthed in Xinjiang in the 19th century. The ten drugs, which tasted sweet, and used widely were named as the "jivaniya class of herbs" (Shi Tian Yao) in this document . It was found that "jivaniya" tasted sweet, felt cold and was often used in tonic decoction for relieving serious vata (Feng), with references to the ancient medical book Ayurveda and the modern Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia. "Jivaniya" was constructed with different dossage forms, such as butter, oil, enema, ointment. It can treat some diseases of consumption of the lungs, epilepsy, consumptive diseases and fever of children in Bower Manuscript (Bao Wei Er Xie Ben). The theories of "jivaniya" came from Ayurveda. Compared with the theories of traditional Chinese Medicine, the theory that "jivaniya" can treat consumptive diseases appears similar to the theories in Su Wen about "Feng Xiao". The theories of Traditional Indian medicine and Chinese medicine appear resemblant, such as the commonalities in terms of using sweet tonics with liquorice and Fritillaria cirrhosa to treat comsumptive diseases.

[Intertumoral heterogeneity of molecular phenotype and analysis of prognosis in multifocal and multicentric breast cancer].

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the prognostic implications of the intertumoral heterogeneity of molecular phenotype in multifocal and multicentric breast cancer (MMBC). Methods: The clinical and follow-up data of 146 patients with MMBC from Jan.2009 to Dec. 2009 treated in Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. We used Kaplan-Meier curves to compare the survivals of patients who had tumors with molecular phenotypic heterogeneity and patients who had multifocal homogeneous tumors in molecular phenotype, and the survivals of patients who had heterogeneous tumor type and grade and who had homogeneous tumor type and grade.The corresponding hazard ratio was calculated by Cox proportional-hazards regression. Results: Intertumoral heterogeneity in histological type and grade of multiple breast cancer was detected in 16 of 146 patients (11.0%) and in 10 of 146 patients (6.8%), respectively. Interfocal heterogeneous molecular phenotype of multiple breast cancer was detected in 24 of 146 patients (16.4%). There was no significant difference in 5-year disease-free survival in multifocal cancer patients who had heterogeneous histological type and grade and who had homogeneous type and grade tumors (75.0% vs. 77.3%, P=0.808). Multifocal cancers patients who had heterogeneous tumorsin molecular phenotype compared with those with homogeneous tumors in molecular phenotype had worse 5-year disease-specific survival (78.7% vs. 58.3%, P=0.037), and had a greater risk of recurrence (HR=2.130, 95%CI=1.027-4.420; P=0.042). Phenotyping the additional cancer foci influenced the therapeutic decision in up to 16 patients(11.0%). Conclusions: Multifocal breast cancer patients who had heterogeneous tumors in molecular phenotype have a statistically significantly shorter disease-free survival. Phenotyping the additional cancer foci and managing with proper therapeutic decision may reduce the risk of recurrence or metastasis, and improve the outcomes of the patients.

[Investigation of the bioadhesion of carbopol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose to rat gastrointestinal mucosa in vivo and in vitro].

AIM: To investigate bioadhesion of carbopol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose of different viscosity grade to rat gastrointestinal mucosa. METHODS: The maximum adhesion force has been adopted as an index of adhesive evaluation in vitro, gastro-emptying rate and migrating length in intestine have been adopted as an index of adhesive evaluation in vivo. RESULTS: In vitro adhesion studies indicated that the adhesive force of low-vicosity materials was stronger than that of high-vicosity materials, while the transferation rate of high-vicosity materials is significantly higher compared to that of low-vicosity materials in vivo. CONCLUSION: Adhesive force of materials gives no correlation with rate of the materials in rat; Cb934 have the optium bioadhesion among the studied materials and can be used as the preferred adjuvant in oral bioadhesion preparation.